In , Hayes was elected to serve in the U. House of Representatives as the representative for Ohio's 2nd Congressional District. He assumed office in December He was re-elected to a second term in , but he resigned in July to pursue the governorship of Ohio. He was elected and served two terms as governor, from to In , he lost the election for his old seat in the U. In , he was elected governor of Ohio for the third time. On June 14, , the Republican Party selected Hayes as the party's nominee for the presidency.
On November 7, , Democratic presidential candidate Samuel J. Tilden won the popular vote for the presidency but failed to win the requisite electoral votes. Tilden had won votes to Hayes' , with 20 votes unresolved. On January 26, , the United States Congress approved the Electoral Count Act, which established an electoral commission to determine how to tally the disputed electoral votes. During his first year in office, Hayes ordered that federal troops be withdrawn from Louisiana and South Carolina, the final two former Confederate states subject to military occupation at the time Hayes assumed office.
The withdrawal of federal troops from Louisiana and South Carolina effectively ended the Reconstruction Era, which had commenced at the conclusion of the Civil War in In the summer of , a series of railroad worker strikes occurred, starting on July 17, , in Martinsburg, West Virginia. The strikes spread throughout the Northeast and Midwest, impacting railroad operations in a number of states, including Illinois, Maryland, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
Over , workers participated in these strikes, which constituted the largest labor disturbance in the nation up to that point. Hayes ordered federal troops, under the command of General Winfield Scott Hancock, to break the strikes, protect federal property, and help reopen railways.
This marked the first use of federal troops to suppress a strike against a private company. Hayes did not seek re-election to a second term in office. His presidency concluded on March 4, He was succeeded by James Garfield R.
In , he became the first president of the National Prison Reform Association. On January 17, , Hayes died of heart failure at his home in Fremont, Ohio, at the age of Hayes was married to Lucy Webb Hayes from until her death in Hayes defeated Samuel Tilden D in the presidential election, though Tilden won the popular vote.
Every year in office, the president of the United States addresses Congress on the present state of affairs and the administration's goals for the coming year. Below are transcripts of Hayes' State of the Union addresses: [11]. Ballotpedia features , encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers.
Hayes and his wife Lucy were the parents of eight children. He died in , four years after his wife.
We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Lyndon B. Johnson was elected vice president of the United States in and became the 36th president in , following the assassination of John F.
James Garfield is best known as the 20th president of the United States. He was assassinated after only a few months in office. Ulysses S. Grant served as U. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States. He preserved the Union during the U. Civil War and brought about the emancipation of slaves. Benjamin Harrison is best known as the 23rd president of the United States. He was the grandson of President William Henry Harrison. Hiram R. The election was closely fought, and in the end, Tilden won the popular vote by approximately , votes.
In spite of this outcome, a dispute arose in the Electoral College. If Hayes received the Electoral College votes from these states, he would win the election by a single vote to , even though he had lost the popular vote. The U. Congress appointed a special commission to determine how the disputed votes were to be counted.
Initially, seven Democrats, seven Republicans, and one independent served on the committee. The independent eventually withdrew, and the Congress selected a Republican to replace him. The special committee voted to give Hayes all of the disputed Electoral College votes. House of Representatives and Senate still had to agree to the committee's decision. The Republican-dominated Senate quickly ratified the committee's recommendations.
The Democrats in the House planned to filibuster, refusing to let the issue come to a vote. To ensure Hayes's election, Republican leaders negotiated an agreement with Southern Democrats in the House. The Republicans agreed to remove federal troops policing the South as soon as Hayes became president and to appoint at least one Southerner to the Hayes cabinet. Southern Democrats accepted this agreement and Hayes won all of the disputed Electoral votes.
This agreement became known as the Compromise of and formally brought Reconstruction to an end. As president, Hayes helped begin a federal civil service system in the United States. His administration also worked to improve the nation's monetary system. Hayes hoped to create more support for the Republican Party among white Southerners, but this goal was not fulfilled.
Hayes's wife Lucy had her own goals. She refused to allow alcohol to be served in the White House and acquired the nickname "Lemonade Lucy. Hayes had promised from the beginning that he would not seek a second term as president. He retired to his home in Fremont in Hayes continued to work for reform of public education and prisons, among a number of other interests. He died at his home, Spiegel Grove, on January 17, Both he and his wife are buried on the estate.
Today, the Rutherford B. Hayes Home and Presidential Center are open to the public and researchers. Toggle navigation. Rutherford B. Hayes From Ohio History Central. Jump to: navigation , search.
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