The black ink was made by mixing soot with linseed oil. On the other hand, the red ink was made using cinnabar with linseed oil. Both the inks were durable and did not fade away when exposed to sunlight. According to other theories, the red color was used since it looks prominent on a piece of white paper.
The four suits — hearts, clubs, spades and diamonds — represent the four seasons. Meanwhile, the 13 cards in each suit represent the 13 phases of the lunar cycle.
If so, it still might have escaped you that if you add up all the symbols in a deck of cards, there are — the same as the number of days in a year. An ace originally referred to the single dot on dice, this being the lowest roll you can get and it meant bad luck.
Today an ace is associated with playing cards and is typically the highest card in a deck and so it has come to mean good luck. Ace In Poker, the Ace is the highest card and the 2 card Deuce is the lowest. However, the Ace can also be used as a low card, with the value of 1. In playing cards, a suit is one of several categories into which the cards of a deck are divided. Most often, each card bears one of several symbols showing to which suit it belongs; the suit may alternatively or in addition be indicated by the color printed on the card.
Most card decks also…. A deck may include special cards that belong to no suit, often called jokers. Among the 13 kinds, we find the numbers 2 through 10, and four other kinds. The A stands for ace, the J for jack, the Q for queen, and the K for king. The jack, queen, and king are often referred to as face cards. In many card games, a player has a number of cards, and this is referred to as his hand.
In a few card games, the order in which the cards are received will matter, but more often a player receives all of the cards for his hand at one time. It should be noted that when cards make up a hand, the same card cannot appear twice. In other words, selections of cards to create a hand are done "without replacement" that is, without returning the first card to the deck and replacing it with a second.
Unlike tarot, however, pips were surely meant as diversion instead of divination. Even so, these cards preserved much of the iconography that had fascinated 16th-century Europe: astronomy, alchemy, mysticism, and history. Some historians have suggested that suits in a deck were meant to represent the four classes of Medieval society.
Cups and chalices modern hearts might have stood for the clergy; swords spades for the nobility or the military; coins diamonds for the merchants; and batons clubs for peasants. But the disparity in pips from one deck to the next resists such pat categorization. Diamonds, by contrast, could have represented the upper class in French decks, as paving stones used in the chancels of churches were diamond shaped, and such stones marked the graves of the aristocratic dead.
But how to account for the use of clover, acorns, leaves, pikes, shields, coins, roses, and countless other imagery? British and French decks, for example, always feature the same four legendary kings: Charles, David, Caesar, and Alexander the Great.
Bostock notes that queens have not enjoyed similar reverence. Pallas, Judith, Rachel, and Argine variously ruled each of the four suits, with frequent interruption. As the Spanish adopted playing cards, they replaced queens with mounted knights or caballeros. The ace rose to prominence in , according to the IPCS. That was the year England began to tax sales of playing cards.
The ace was stamped to indicate that the tax had been paid, and forging an ace was a crime punishable by death. To this day, the ace is boldly designed to stand out. The king of hearts offers another curiosity: The only king without a mustache, he appears to be killing himself by means of a sword to the head.
As printing spurred rapid reproduction of decks, the integrity of the original artwork declined. When printing blocks wore out, Bostock explained, card makers would create new sets by copying either the blocks or the cards.
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